Assuntos
Perna (Membro)/irrigação sanguínea , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Dor/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome do Aprisionamento da Artéria Poplítea/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Humanos , Perna (Membro)/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Ilustração Médica , Dor/etiologia , Artéria Poplítea/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome do Aprisionamento da Artéria Poplítea/complicaçõesAssuntos
Betacoronavirus , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico por imagem , Estado Terminal/terapia , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Idoso , COVID-19 , China , Estudos de Coortes , Infecções por Coronavirus/mortalidade , Infecções por Coronavirus/terapia , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/mortalidade , Pneumonia Viral/terapia , Radiografia Torácica/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , SARS-CoV-2 , Taxa de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Retinal vascular events are perceived to be related to various cardiovascular complications. We conducted a systematic review to assess the relationship between retinal artery/vein occlusions (RAO/RVO) and the incidence of mortality, stroke, and myocardial infarction (MI). A comprehensive electronic literature search selected 93 relevant studies between 1992-2015: 16 articles qualified for inclusion (7 for mortality rate and MI, 11 for stroke). No published articles examined associations of RAO to mortality or MI, but only to stroke. Because of the heterogeneity of studies, no meta-analysis was performed. The association with mortality risk was highest at ~34.7% in RVO subgroup; whereas for MI, the risk was comparatively lower at 3.9-5.7% for RVO. There was no significant difference in stroke rate when comparing central and branch RVO subgroups (6.5%), but was significantly higher at 19.6-25% in RAO. There is a positive association of retinal vascular events to mortality, stroke, and MI. RAO is associated with a higher risk of stroke. Given that RAO and RVO patients would generally present to ophthalmologists, their high cardiovascular risk should include a referral for cardiovascular assessment as part of their management protocol.
Assuntos
Infarto do Miocárdio/mortalidade , Oclusão da Artéria Retiniana/mortalidade , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/mortalidade , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/mortalidade , Humanos , Incidência , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of polydipsia-hyponatremia among patients with schizophrenia in an Asian mental hospital. METHOD: Seven hundred and twenty-eight inpatients with schizophrenia were assessed for polydipsia-hyponatremia using case notes reviews, specific gravity of urine, normalised diurnal weight gain, and serum sodium levels. RESULTS: One hundred and three (13.8%) patients had polydipsia, 30 (4.1%) had polydipsia-hyponatremia and 14 (1.9%) had a history of water intoxication. Eight of the 30 patients were receiving carbamazepine, three were on tricyclic antidepressants and two had diabetes mellitus and were on sulfonylureas. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of water intoxication among polydipsic patients was low compared to Western studies. This could be due to different methods of assessing polyuria, or ethnic differences and/or the prohibition of smoking in our patients. Certain medications might have also contributed to hyponatremia.
Assuntos
Etnicidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Desequilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Ritmo Circadiano , Comorbidade , Comparação Transcultural , Ingestão de Líquidos , Feminino , Hospitalização , Hospitais Psiquiátricos , Humanos , Hiponatremia/diagnóstico , Hiponatremia/epidemiologia , Hiponatremia/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Poliúria/diagnóstico , Poliúria/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Esquizofrenia/epidemiologia , Esquizofrenia/metabolismo , Singapura/epidemiologia , Intoxicação por Água/diagnóstico , Intoxicação por Água/epidemiologia , Intoxicação por Água/metabolismo , Desequilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico/epidemiologia , Desequilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico/metabolismo , Aumento de PesoRESUMO
Chimeric bacterial genes conferring resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics have been inserted into the Agrobacterium tumefaciens tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid and introduced into plant cells by in vitro transformation techniques. The chimeric genes contain the nopaline synthase 5' and 3' regulatory regions joined to the genes for neomycin phosphotransferase type I or type II. The chimeric genes were cloned into an intermediate vector, pMON120, and inserted into pTiB6S3 by recombination and then introduced into petunia and tobacco cells by cocultivating A. tumefaciens cells with protoplast-derived cells. Southern hybridization was used to confirm the presence of the chimeric genes in the transformed plant tissues. Expression of the chimeric genes was determined by the ability of the transformed cells to proliferate on medium containing normally inhibitory levels of kanamycin (50 micrograms/ml) or other aminoglycoside antibiotics. Plant cells transformed by wild-type pTiB6S3 or derivatives carrying the bacterial neomycin phosphotransferase genes with their own promoters failed to grow under these conditions. The significance of these results for plant genetic engineering is discussed.